When the immune system overreacts to a substance that is typically harmless, such as pollen, pet dander, or certain foods, it causes Allergies. This overreaction triggers the release of chemicals like histamine, which cause symptoms ranging from mild discomfort, such as sneezing and itching, to severe reactions, including anaphylaxis. While some people may outgrow their allergies, others manage them lifelong through avoidance of triggers and treatments like antihistamines or immunotherapy. Understanding the cause and proper management of allergies is essential for improving quality of life and preventing complications.
There are several types of allergies including seasonal allergies, food allergies, and skin allergies. Seasonal allergies, often referred to as hay fever or allergic rhinitis, are typically triggered by pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds. Food allergies, on the other hand, occur when the immune system reacts to certain proteins in foods like peanuts, shellfish, or dairy. Skin allergies, such as eczema or contact dermatitis, can result from exposure to allergens like certain fabrics, soaps, or plants. Each type of allergy has its own set of symptoms and treatment methods, underscoring the importance of identifying specific allergens to develop an effective management plan.
